Melt deposition process

熔融沉積（FDM）工藝是將絲狀的熱塑性材料按特定溫度融化，使材料始終保持液體狀態(tài)，通過擠出頭勻速擠出。在成型數(shù)據(jù)的控制下，有選擇的沉積在工作平臺上，沉積后立即冷卻并固化成型。

Melt Deposition (FDM) process is the process of melting a filamentous thermoplastic material at a specific temperature, keeping the material in a liquid state at all times, and extruding it at a uniform speed through the extrusion head. Under the control of molding data, selectively deposit on the working platform, and immediately cool and solidify into shape after deposition.

立體光固化工藝

Stereoscopic curing process

立體光固化（SLA）工藝?yán)昧斯饷魳渲牟牧咸匦裕丛谝欢úㄩL和強(qiáng)度的紫外光束照射下可以實(shí)現(xiàn)從液態(tài)到固態(tài)的相變。紫外光束的運(yùn)動軌跡通過成型數(shù)據(jù)來控制，在光敏樹脂表面進(jìn)行選擇性的掃描，實(shí)現(xiàn)逐點(diǎn)固化成型。

The Stereoscopic Light Curing (SLA) process utilizes the material properties of photosensitive resins, which can achieve a phase transition from liquid to solid under a certain wavelength and intensity of ultraviolet beam irradiation. The movement trajectory of the ultraviolet beam is controlled through molding data, and selective scanning is carried out on the surface of the photosensitive resin to achieve point by point solidification molding.

三維印刷工藝

3D printing process

三維印刷（3DP）工藝的原理為粉末狀材料在黏合劑的作用下的黏結(jié)成型。在工作平臺上先鋪一層粉末狀材料，再使用噴嘴將黏合劑分布于需要成型的粉末區(qū)域，實(shí)現(xiàn)了粉末的黏合成型。

The principle of 3D printing (3DP) process is the bonding and forming of powdered materials under the action of adhesives. A layer of powdered material is first laid on the work platform, and then a nozzle is used to distribute the adhesive in the powder area that needs to be formed, achieving powder bonding and forming.

選擇性激光燒結(jié)工藝

Selective laser sintering process

選擇性激光燒結(jié)（SLS）工藝的原理為粉末狀材料在激光燒結(jié)下的熔化結(jié)合。在工作平臺上先鋪一層接近熔點(diǎn)的粉末狀材料，再使用激光在該層粉末上選擇性的掃描，被掃描區(qū)域的粉末溫度升高， 熔化后燒結(jié)成型。

The principle of selective laser sintering (SLS) process is the melting and bonding of powder materials under laser sintering. On the work platform, first lay a layer of powder like material close to the melting point, and then use laser to selectively scan the powder on this layer. The temperature of the powder in the scanned area increases, and it is melted and sintered into shape.

工藝要求

technological requirements

古典家具模型由于需要呈現(xiàn)經(jīng)典家具器型的形態(tài)，有大量的曲面或者異形構(gòu)件。因此，模型的制作對于整體形態(tài)的呈現(xiàn)要力求精確。同時(shí)， 模型表面要盡量光滑，體現(xiàn)制作工藝的美感。

Chinese classical furniture models have a large number of curved surfaces or irregular components due to the need to present the shape of classic furniture utensils. Therefore, the production of the model should strive for accuracy in presenting the overall form. At the same time, the surface of the model should be as smooth as possible to reflect the beauty of the production process.

古典家具模型的展示不光是“形態(tài)美”，更有其“結(jié)構(gòu)美”。作為古典家具精髓的榫卯結(jié)構(gòu)需要特別展示，模型設(shè)計(jì)要求為包含榫卯結(jié)構(gòu)的可拆裝形式。可拆裝的榫卯結(jié)構(gòu)對構(gòu)件的機(jī)械性能提出較高的要求。

The display of Chinese classical furniture models is not only about "form beauty", but also about "structural beauty". As the essence of Chinese classical furniture, the mortise and tenon structure needs to be specially displayed, and the model design requires a detachable form that includes the mortise and tenon structure. The detachable mortise and tenon structure requires high mechanical performance of components.

四種快速成型工藝的對比

Comparison of Four Rapid Prototyping Processes

根據(jù)古典家具模型的制作工藝要求，對4 種主要快速成型工藝進(jìn)行試制試驗(yàn)，初步篩選適合本次模型制作的快速成型工藝。

According to the production process requirements of Chinese classical furniture models, trial production experiments were conducted on four main rapid prototyping processes to preliminarily select the suitable rapid prototyping processes for this model production.

選取明式圈椅模型中的背板作為試件，通過對背板的試制，對比制作效果、制作時(shí)間、制作成本、表面質(zhì)量和機(jī)械性能等5 個(gè)要素

Select the back panel from the Ming style circular chair model as the test piece, and compare the production effect, production time, production cost, surface quality, and mechanical properties of the back panel through trial production

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